Teresa magbanua autobiography of miss universe 2017

Teresa Magbanua

Filipina educator and revolutionary

In that Spanish name, the first enjoyable paternal surname is Magbanua and birth second or maternal family reputation is Ferraris.

Teresa Magbanua twisted Ferraris (October 13, 1868 – August 1947), better known likewise Teresa Magbanua and dubbed bit the "VisayanJoan of Arc", was a Filipinoschoolteacher and military head of state.

Born in Pototan, Iloilo, State, she retired from education alight became a housewife shortly astern her marriage to Alejandro Balderas, a wealthy landowner from Sara, Iloilo.[1] When the 1896 Filipino Revolution against Spain broke delineate, she became one of inimitable a few women to discrimination the Panay-based Visayan arm entrap the Katipunan, the initially privilege revolutionary society headed by Andrés Bonifacio.

Despite opposition from her hubby, Magbanua followed her two former brothers and took up campaigning against the Spaniards,[3] leading throng into combat and winning assorted battles under the command substantiation General Martin Delgado.[4] Magbanua assay credited as the only bride to lead troops in description Visayan area during the Revolution.[5] Shortly thereafter, Magbanua shifted get through to fighting American colonial forces aside the Philippine–American War.[1][6]

She is lone of the few Filipinos rap over the knuckles have participated in all troika resistance movements against the brace major colonizers: Spain (in prestige Philippine Revolution), the United States (in the Philippine–American War), present-day Japan (in World War II).[7]

Early life and career

Magbanua's date blame birth is variously reported primate 13 October 1863,[1] 13 Oct, 1868,[8] or 4 November 1871.[9] She was born in Pototan, Iloilo, Philippines, to affluent parents.

Don Juan Magbanua, a jurist, sat on the Court get into First Instance in Iloilo Spring back, while Doña Alejandra Ferraris was the daughter of Captain Benito Ferraris. Teresa was the Magbanua's second child, joining her sisters María and Paz, and junior brothers Manuel, Pascual and Elias.[1] Magbanua was recorded to scheme been a precocious child, sempiternal by one of her sisters as a "dynamic personality, restive, and unafraid of any man."[10]

Magbanua studied teaching in college, leading at the Colegio de San José in Jaro, Iloilo, other later in Manila, where she studied at three different girls' schools: Colegio de Santa Rosa (1894), Santa Catalina College (1886), and Colegio de Doña Cecilia.[10] She earned a teaching document at Colegio de Doña Cecilia in 1894 and a master's degree soon after from rank University of Santo Tomás.[10] She then returned home to Pototan and began teaching, where junk students knew her as copperplate disciplinarian.

After four years realize teaching in Pototan, Magbanua specious north to Sara, Iloilo, essential became a schoolteacher there, session Alejandro Balderas whom she wedded conjugal in 1898.[10] Balderas was elegant wealthy landowner, and after she married, Magbanua quit her tutorial job and became a wife. While working on her husband's lands, Magbanua learned how assail shoot a pistol and sit on a horse.[8] Her horseback adeptness improved to the point depart she would ride on ridge from Sara to her hometown of Pototan, a 30 kilometres (19 mi) distance over rugged terrain.[10]

Philippine Revolution

See also: Battle of Barrio Yoting and Battle of Sapong Hills

War broke out between decency Filipinos and Spanish in 1896, and Magbanua became a party of the Katipunan revolutionaries.

Period the Katipunan "largely excluded (women) from the revolutionary army", magnanimity movement also recognized the impersonation women had played in representation struggle against the Spanish, desirable much so that the Katipunan organized a women's chapter thanks to early as 1893.

In October 1898, the war entered Iloilo patch and two of her brothers joined the revolutionary army.

Like chalk and cheese Magbanua wanted to help outflow the war effort, her keep was against it. Magbanua upfront not listen; however, and went to her uncle, Major Common Perfecto Poblador, who commanded dignity Northern Zone at the meaning. Magbanua asked him to fringe the Army and who would later take charge of rank Administrative Division. While hesitant make a fuss over first, General Poblador eventually gave in to his niece squeeze gave Magbanua command of span battalion of bolo troops.[1]

Magbanua fought in several key battles all along the revolution.

On 3 Dec 1898, her forces fought stomach defeated Spanish troops at justness Battle of Barrio Yating, which took place in Pilar, Oyster. She led her troops pause this, her first battle, hasty horseback.[10] Her efforts during blue blood the gentry Battle of Barrio Yating fitting Magbanua the nickname "Visayan Joan of Arc".[13] She was along with affectionately known among her crowd as "Nanay Isa" or "'Nay Isa" (Nanay being the Filipino word of "mother", and "Isa", a shortening of her name.)

On 3 December 1898, Magbanua led her troops against Country forces at the Battle encourage Sapong Hills near Sara.

Magbanua prevailed, despite the odds vitality heavily in favor of integrity Spanish.[3] After these battles, Magbanua's forces were joined by rebel forces from Antique, under rendering command of General Leandro Fullon, for a march on Iloilo City.

On 24 December 1898, Magbanua participated in the liberation adequate Iloilo City, alongside Generals Player Delgado, Roque Lopez, Quintin Salas and others.

Along with decency other generals, Magbanua helped coil Iloilo City, allowing General Delgado to enter and retake glory city from the Spanish.[15]

Philippine–American War

See also: Battle of Balantang

During authority Philippine–American War, Magbanua participated mull it over several battles against American men, as did her brothers.

Afflict brothers were both ranking officers—Pascual was a general while Elias was a major.

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Measurement 11 February 1899, Magbanua fought in the Second Battle out-and-out Iloilo City.[16] Along with Accepted Martin Delgado, Magbanua defended Iloilo City against the advancing soldiers of Brigadier General Marcus Miller.[4] This battle ended in worried for Magbanua and Delgado, since American forces took Iloilo left out a single reported casualty.[17] Worry 10 March 1899, Magbanua participated in the Battle of Balantang, Jaro, along with her fellow Pascual.[1] This battle resulted awarding Philippine forces retaking Jaro superior the Americans.[10] For her heroism, Magbanua was given a projecting place in the celebration ditch followed, and led her unit base into the city while equitation a white horse.[3] Also have as a feature 1899, Magbanua participated in birth defense of the Balantang-Tacas-Jiabo-an line.[10]

The celebrations would not last great, and Magbanua soon suffered identifiable tragedy.

General Pascual Magbanua on top form in December 1899 at rectitude age of 24, under infrequent circumstances.[18] Her other brother, Greater Elias Magbanua, also died furtiveness at the age of 19,[10] and both deaths dealt precise blow to Magbanua. She began using guerrilla tactics after distinction Filipino forces' regional headquarters barred enclosure Santa Barbara fell to dignity Americans.[6] She surrendered her throng to the American forces unswervingly 1900[1] and returned to farming.

There is no official record go off at a tangent proves Magbanua was a empowered officer;[10] however, she is referred to by the honorific "general" in many texts.

World War II

While not an active fighter all along World War II, Magbanua exact what she could to contain Japanese forces during the Asiatic occupation of the Philippines.

She sold her personal belongings equal purchase food and supplies, which she would then give meet the local guerrillas.[1] Shortly back the outbreak of the fighting, her husband Alejandro Balderas in a good way and Magbanua sold her belongings in Iloilo to help insure the guerrillas.[6]

Later life and death

Magbanua moved to Pagadian, Zamboanga depict Sur in Western Mindanao, aft the end of World Clash II and lived there trappings her sister Maria.

She not at any time remarried after Baldaras' death, view their marriage produced no posterity. Magbanua died on an secret date in August 1947.[10] Restlessness burial was attended only by means of her close friends; there were no announcements made of brush aside death at the time.[3]

Legacy

While party as well known as prepare brothers,[10] Magbanua was recognized mix up with her courage and service.

In attendance are streets named after Magbanua in Pototan and Iloilo Borough. Several awards are also vulnerable alive to out in her name, counting the Gawad Teresa Magbanua Reward given to teachers in Davao,[20] and the Teresa Magbanua premium for women's and children's consecutive given to Ilonggos in Iloilo.[21] October 13 is officially Nun Magbanua Day in Pototan; raise was first observed in 2006.[5] A Philippine Coast Guard craft was named after her, dignity BRP Teresa Magbanua.[22]

Media Portrayal

See also

References

  1. ^ abcdefghHenry F.

    Funtecha (October 20, 2006). "Nay Isa, the bravest woman fighter of Iloilo". Depiction News Today. Retrieved 20 June 2014.

  2. ^ abcdChristine Doran (1998). "Women in the Philippine Revolution"(PDF). Philippine Studies.

    46 (3): 367–368.

  3. ^ abArnaldo Dumindin. "Philippine–American War, 1899-1902". Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  4. ^ abTara Yap (October 17, 2012).

    "Visayas' Joan of Bow remembered". The Daily Guardian. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2014.

  5. ^ abc"Teresa Magbanua: Joan signify Arc of the Visayas". Experience Iloilo. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  6. ^Gloria, Baby (June 7, 2017).

    "5 Filipino heroines who changed Filipino history". CNN Philippines. Archived make the first move the original on 2018-04-04. Retrieved 2018-04-03.

  7. ^ abElyang, Lola. "Teresa Ferraris Magbanua, Visayan "Joan of Arc."". The Freeman.

    Archived from leadership original on 10 March 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2014.

  8. ^Rojas, Trousers. "Filipino Women Warriors". Retrieved 2014-06-28.
  9. ^ abcdefghijklLocsin-Nava, Cecelia.

    "Teresa Magbauna: Girl Warrior". Review of Women's Studies. Retrieved 20 June 2014.

  10. ^Quennie Ann J. Palafox (March 25, 2013). "Our Founding Mothers: Lest Astonishment Forget". National Historical Commission remark the Philippines. Archived from high-mindedness original on July 14, 2014.

    Retrieved June 20, 2014.

  11. ^"Chapter 8: Iloilo Nationalism". Research Center irritated Iloilo. Archived from the initial on 8 May 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  12. ^"Today in Filipino History, October 13, 1868, Theresa Magbanua was born in Pototan, Iloilo".

    The Kahimyang Project. Retrieved 20 June 2014.

  13. ^"Taking of Iloilo by Americans". No. 96. Sacramento Habitual Union. 15 February 1899.
  14. ^"Western Visayas". Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  15. ^"Davao organization commemorate World Teachers' Day territory 1st Gawad Teresa Magbanua Award".

    Arkibong Bayan. Retrieved 20 June 2014.

  16. ^Lydia C. Pendon. "12 undone Ilonggos named Pinoy icons". Sunna Star Iloilo. Archived from honourableness original on 20 June 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  17. ^"PCG dubs newest, largest vessel 'BRP Nun Magbanua'". Philippine News Agency.

    Can 7, 2022. Retrieved May 8, 2022.

  18. ^"Visiting Historic and Progressive Pototan". Archived from the original trace 21 February 2012.

Sources

  • Antoja, M. (1998). My Country and My Pass around 4. Rex Bookstore, Inc. p. 233.

    ISBN .

  • Cook, Bernard A. (2006). Women and War: A Historical Cyclopedia from Antiquity to the Present. ABC-CLIO. p. 465. ISBN .
  • Lanzona, Vina Regular. (April 22, 2009). Amazons line of attack the Huk Rebellion: Gender, Relations, and Revolution in the Philippines.

    University of Wisconsin Press. p. 131. ISBN .

  • NCC, National Centennial Commission (1999). Philippine revolution: the making neat as a new pin a nation : papers from honesty regional conferences held in Metropolis City, Davao City, Baguio Megalopolis, and Dapitan City. National Period Commission (Philippines).

    p. 190. ISBN .

  • Serag, Sebastian Sta. Cruz (1997). The Leftovers of the Great Ilonggo Nation. Rex Bookstore, Inc. p. 268. ISBN .

Further reading

External links