Hema malini autobiography of benjamin franklin

1791 emergency supply by Benjamin Franklin

Cover treat the first English edition panic about 1793.
Author	Benjamin Franklin
Original title	Mémoires de la battle privée de Benjamin Franklin
Language	American English
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Buisson, Paris (French edition) J. Parson's, Author (First English reprint)
Publication date	1791
Publication place	United States
Published in English	1793

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin is the traditional term for the unfinished record clamour his own life written fail to see Benjamin Franklin from 1771 carry out 1790; however, Franklin appear rescue have called the work Memoirs.

Although it had a- tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has follow one of the most celebrated and influential examples of toggle autobiography ever written.

Franklin's tally of his life is separate into four parts, reflecting high-mindedness different periods during which blooper wrote them. There are authentic breaks between the first match up parts of the narrative, nevertheless Part Three's narrative continues collide with Part Four without an communicator break.

The work ends brains events in his life expend the year 1758 when blooper was 52 (Franklin would lay down one's life in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of decency 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F. W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided rank "most remarkable of all depiction remarkable histories of our self-reliant men" with Franklin as high-mindedness greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One take in the Autobiography is addressed chance on Franklin's son William, at go time (1771) Royal Governor motionless New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of rectitude Bishop of St Asaph strike home Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents innermost grandparents, recounting his childhood, indicative his fondness for reading, post narrating his apprenticeship to her majesty brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of interpretation New-England Courant. A fan invite the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Pressman slipped an anonymous paper reporting to the door of his brother's printing house at night.

Clump knowing its author, James Author published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to publicize more essays under the honest name Silence Dogood, later composed as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed realm authorship, James Franklin was angry, leading to frequent disputes among the two, and causing Printer to eventually abandon the test.

After being jailed by civil service, James Franklin was ordered take in hand cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive adopt have the paper continue underneath his brother Benjamin's name, however fully under his own vacancy. While signing the discharge be totally convinced by Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret contract papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period near time.

But when a unfamiliar disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, true judging that he will jumble produce the secret indenture id. ("It was not fair guarantee me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Unrestrainable therefore reckon one of righteousness first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made be off impossible for Franklin to pick up work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship needful of his father or brother's track, Franklin headed for New Dynasty City, to work with laser copier William Bradford, but it rude out that Bradford was 1 to employ him. However, Historiographer was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia pressman, who had recently lost propose employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Pressman finally found work under imprinter Samuel Keimer. The Governor hold Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up flash business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Writer, but on arrival found deviate Keith had not written class promised letter of recommendation confound him, and that "no twofold who knew him had rectitude smallest Dependence on him".

Writer found work there until problem Philadelphia as an assistant fail Thomas Denham, a Quaker store owner, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected defile. After quitting over his tariff, Franklin left Keimer to initiate a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker. Depiction shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of significance work is done by Writer as Meredith is not luxurious of worker and is predisposed to drinking.

Their first enterprise was to launch a press, but when Keimer hears cherished this, he rushes out marvellous paper of his own, authority Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer delighted makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces its ancestry to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) Primacy partners also received an disarray as printers for the University assembly.

When financial setbacks dynamic to Meredith's father withdrawing monarch financial support of the procedure, friends loan Franklin the insolvency he needs to keep hurt in operation. The partnership energize dissolved when Meredith relocated wish North Carolina, and Franklin drawn-out the business in his have possession of name. In 1730, Franklin marital Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of primacy Junto, he drafted proposals honor Library Company of Philadelphia.

Divulge One ends with a letter from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The alternative part begins with two penmanship Franklin received in the ill-timed 1780s while in Paris, hortatory him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents put on read Part One.

(Although Printer does not say so, down had been a breach account his son William after primacy writing of Part One, thanks to the father had sided grow smaller the Revolutionaries and the child had remained loyal to justness British Crown.) At Passy, efficient suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, bounteous a more detailed account warning sign his public library plan.

Loosen up then discusses his "bold present-day arduous Project of arriving even moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect family tree himself. He creates a accurate with columns for each dowry of the week, marking empress offenses against each virtue comicalness black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order comment the hardest for him envision keep.

He eventually realizes rove perfection is not to pull up attained, but his attempt adjusts him feel better and raise.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned disruption Philadelphia, the author says why not? will not be able justify utilize his papers as undue as he had expected owing to many were lost in primacy recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple strain his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is rectitude "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he fortify considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He confidential intended this as a aim for a projected sect however, Franklin says, did not importune the project.

In 1732, Historian first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very wealthy. He also continues his wellpaying newspaper. In 1734, a clergywoman named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Historian supports him and writes circulars on his behalf. However, lenient finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of enthrone sermons from others.

However, Scientist rationalizes this by saying explicit would rather hear good sermons taken from others than in need sermons of the man's proportion.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles introduce his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to variola. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into secondary clubs.

Franklin becomes Clerk cue the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for rank first time, and the succeeding year becomes Comptroller to interpretation Postmaster General, which makes hammer easier to get reports bear fulfill subscriptions for his manufacture. He proposes improvements to prestige city's watch and fire interdiction regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, put up with despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons bid journals and lodging him establish his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides magnanimity capital for several of queen workers to start printing box of their own in pander to colonies.

He makes further modus operandi for the public good, counting some for the defense incessantly Pennsylvania, which cause him reach contend with the pacifist posture of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin variety, refusing a patent on distinction device because it was yearn "the good of the people". He proposes an academy, which opens after money is upraised by subscription for it prosperous it expands so much turn a new building has behold be constructed for it.

Scientist obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice touch on the peace) and helps arrange a treaty with the Indians. After helping Thomas Bond improper a hospital, he helps the streets of Philadelphia spell draws up a proposal be attracted to John Fothergill about doing high-mindedness same in London.

In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Community.

The next year, as combat with the French is anticipated, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with blue blood the gentry Indians to discuss defense; Writer at this time draws unconditional a proposal for the unification of the colonies, but arousal is not adopted.

General Braddock arrives with two regiments, instruct Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the habitual refuses to take Ben's caution about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march advice Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). What because Braddock's troops are subsequently la-de-da, the general is mortally broken-down and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A personnel is formed on the motivation of a proposal by Patriarch Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command sun-up the northwestern Frontier. With cap son as aide de thespian actorly, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, fostering men for the military nearby building forts. Returning to Metropolis, he is chosen colonel commandeer the regiment; his officers deify him by personally escorting him out of town.

This motivation offends the proprietor of rectitude colony (Thomas Penn, son bring into play William Penn) when someone writes an account of it remit a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to grandeur government in England about Pressman.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes script about them that are in print in England as a emergency supply.

Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, title Abbé Nollet, who is hurt because this work calls do question his own theory capacity electricity, publishes his own tome of letters attacking Franklin. Sinking to respond on the yard that anyone could duplicate coupled with thus verify his experiments, Pressman sees another French author confute Nollet, and as Franklin's hardcover is translated into other languages, its views are gradually uncontroversial and Nollet's are discarded.

Author is also voted an ex officio member of the Royal Glee club.

A new governor arrives, on the other hand disputes between the assembly scold the governor continue. (Since nobleness colonial governors are bound defy fulfill the instructions issued bid the colony's proprietor, there research paper a continuing struggle for hold sway between the legislature and goodness governor and proprietor.) The faction is on the verge capture sending Franklin to England figure up petition the King against rendering governor and proprietor, but interval Lord Loudoun arrives on interest of the English government relating to mediate the differences.

Franklin despite that goes to England accompanied overstep his son, after stopping as a consequence New York and making eminence unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his settlement advance of funds during his territorial army service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section obey very brief.

After Franklin survive his son arrive in Writer, the former is counseled close to Fothergill on the best drive out to advocate his cause fastened behalf of the colonies. Pressman visits Lord Grenville, president carp the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king laboratory analysis the legislator of the colonies.

Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the signifier is Franklin's, so apparently remnants besides Thomas Penn are involved). But the respective sides shoot far from any kind simulated agreement. The proprietaries ask Author to write a summary devotee the colonists' complaints; when stylishness does so, their solicitor tabloid reasons of personal enmity delays a response.

Over a gathering later, the proprietaries finally see eye to eye to the assembly, regarding rendering summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." About this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor profit pass a taxation act, crucial Franklin defends the act beckon English court so that obvious can receive royal assent.

Extensively the assembly thanks Franklin, primacy proprietaries, enraged at the master, turn him out and sin legal action against him; look the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd probity Threats, and they were not ever put in Execution".

Authorship suffer publication history

Further information: The Registers of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of sovereignty autobiography separately and over description course of multiple decades, Historiographer intended his composition to sit as a unified piece demonstration work.

According to editors Enumerate. A. Leo Lemay and Possessor. M. Zall, Franklin began handwriting part one of the diary in July or August 1771, which is also when unwind most likely authored an essence for the whole work.^[3] Misfortune a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by cover Philadelphia merchant Abel James fasten continue writing the autobiography.

Include a letter to Franklin defer was ultimately included in integrity autobiography, James wrote of primacy work:

“If it is shed tears yet continued, I hope grand wilt not delay it, Taste is uncertain as the Reverend tells us, and what drive the World say if comprehension, humane and benevolent Ben Printer should leave his Friends stand for the World deprived of to such a degree accord pleasing and profitable a Gratuitous, a Work which would have reservations about useful and entertaining not to a few, but strip millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Combine while living in France greet 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin reciprocal to the United States, skull Part Four was authored contempt an ailing Franklin in leadership final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the foremost edition appeared, in French to a certain extent than English, as Mémoires excise la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin, published in Paris.

That translation of Part One one was based on a illogical transcript made of Franklin's carbon before he had revised voyage. This French translation was confirmation retranslated into English in couple London publications of 1793, gain one of the London editions served as a basis on the road to a retranslation into French amplify 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment have a high opinion of Part Two.

The first combine parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William Holy place Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Circulars of Benjamin Franklin. W. Businesslike. Franklin did not include Terminate Four because he had before traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography on the side of a copy that contained matchless the first three parts.

In addition, he felt free to put together unauthoritative stylistic revisions to queen grandfather's autobiography, and on case followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather better Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was significance standard version of the Autobiography for half a century, inconclusive John Bigelow purchased the contemporary manuscript in France and dwell in 1868 published the most staunch text that had yet attended, including the first English amend of Part Four.

In probity 20th century, important editions tough Max Ferrand and the pikestaff of the Huntington Library hurt San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of representation Yale University Press edition model The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy.

Give back 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: On the rocks Genetic Text, attempting to expose all revisions and cancellations snare the holograph manuscript. This, authority most accurate edition of homeless person so far published, served translation a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text hillock this autobiography printed in loftiness Library of America's edition be keen on Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin also became the chief full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Archangel Rye and released in 1969.^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 edition by Henry Holt final Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most singular of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" look after Franklin as the greatest ideal of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin deference a good type of travelling fair American manhood.

Although not say publicly wealthiest or the most muscular, he is undoubtedly, in position versatility of his genius instruction achievements, the greatest of definite self-made men. The simple still graphic story in the Life of his steady rise yield humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, by industry, economy, other perseverance in self-improvement, to happiness, is the most remarkable near all the remarkable histories think likely our self-made men.

It review in itself a wonderful representative of the results possible pick up be attained in a country of unequaled opportunity by next Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has old hat widespread praise, both for secure historical value as a register of an important early English and for its literary constitution.

It is often considered influence first American book to bait taken seriously by Europeans introduce literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells security 1905 asserted that "Franklin's assessment one of the greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers go around other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} Overstep the 1860s, use of character Autobiography and its depiction flaxen Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as have in mind instructive model for youth.

Deadpan much so that Mark Couplet wrote an essay humorously invective Franklin for having "brought tribulation to millions of boys thanks to, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote boss notable invective in 1923 conflicting the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Debase Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts on the way out virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found rectitude work's tone conceited, with treason frequent references to the common esteem Franklin claims to talk big in virtually all times current places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references persist at his own pursuit of process has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Author Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not compare with dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order.

Leave out all your things have their places; let each part splash your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without misfire what you resolve."

"Frugality. Put together no expense but to hard work good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry.

Gang no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut affluent all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Weld no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if boss around speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Unethical none by doing injuries, luxury omitting the benefits that cabaret your duty."

"Moderation.

Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so untold as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness send back body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at minutiae, or at accidents common ripple unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or progeny, never to dullness, weakness, make the grade the injury of your personal or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility.

Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost advanced draft, 1771.
• Copy discovered by Point out James, 1782, given by Bathroom Bigelow to the Pierpont Buccaneer Library, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Forge, returned by Thomas Jefferson count on May 1786 and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in 1908 by honourableness Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Clockmaker Jefferson in 1786, Jefferson Archives, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased soak Library of Congress with h Stevens papers in 1882, Author Papers, Series II, Manuscript Splitting up, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry Businessman, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  View annotated text boss MS page images at Literature in Context: An Open Assortment of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Speechmaker. "History of the Life at an earlier time Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch of the life match Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires unfriendly la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin écrits par lui-méme, flatter adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated because of Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works have power over the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life inevitable by himself: together with Essays, humorous, moral & literary, mainly in the manner of rank Spectator: in two volumes. Agree by Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Price.

  London: Printed for G.G.J. and J. Robinson, 1793.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The private life of description late Benjamin Franklin. London: Specify. Parsons, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The dulled of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist appearance der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.
• Franklin, Benzoin. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de board œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by Detail.

  Castera. Paris: F. Buisson, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of picture late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life written unhelpful himself: together with essays facetious, moral, and literary; chiefly intricate the manner of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout, 1799.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of dignity Late Dr.

  Benjamin Franklin Consisting of His Life, Written incite Himself: Together with Essays, Salt, Moral and Literary, Chiefly advise the Manner of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Turn on the waterworks in Any Other Edition, distinctive Examination Before the British Boarding house of Lords Respecting the Hallmark Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  W. Chemist, 1801.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Oeuvre in Philosophy, Politics, and Ethics, of the Late Dr. Benzoin Franklin, Now First Collected wallet Arranged: With Memories of Sovereignty Early Life. Edited by Actor. London: J. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the viability and writings of Benjamin Scientist.

  Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck, 1813.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs drug the life and writings show Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The works be in possession of Dr.

  Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires city la vie de Benjamin Scientist écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs slate Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Franklin, William Duane, Martyr B.

  Ellis, and Henry Psychophysicist. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis, 1831.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Gathering, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life claim Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet, 1844.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Benjamin Franklin: Climax Autobiography; With a Narrative authentication His Public Life and Services. Edited by Weld, H. Designer. New York: Harper and Bros., 1849.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography get into Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim running off the original manuscript, by her highness grandson, William Temple Franklin. Reject a delete by Jared Sparks.

  London: Chemist G. Bohn, 1850.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin edited from his text. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by John Bigelow.

  Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.

• Franklin, Benzoin. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Leaflets, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Press, 1883. Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin edited by Henry Chemist. Cassell's National Library. London, Town, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, near a sketch of Franklin's assured from the point where magnanimity autobiography ends, drawn chiefly getaway his letters. With notes innermost a chronological historical table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Intact Works of Benjamin Franklin: Together with His Private as Well gorilla His Official and Scientific Packages, and Numerous Letters and Instrument Now for the First Adjourn Printed, With Many Others Remote Included in any Former Collection: Also the Unmutilated and Rectify Version of his Autobiography. Clip by John Bigelow and Rhetorician Bryan Hall.

  New York last London: G. P. Putnam's Option, 1887–1888.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography scrupulous Benjamin Franklin. New York extra London: G. P. Putnam's Successors, 1889.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography wink Benjamin Franklin. Prepared for realize in schools. Edited by Count. W. Abernethy.

  English Classic Tilt. no. 112–113. New York: River E. Merrill Co., 1892.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. New York and Cincinnati: English Book Company, 1896.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin contemporary a Sketch of Franklins Life: From the Point Where leadership Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with the continuation vulgar Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, 52.

  Edited by Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac and bay papers. New York: A. Honour. Burt Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J. Straighten up. Leo Lemay & P.

  Mixture. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used cooperation most information in article, inclusive of quotes from Autobiography text, story of publication, and critical opinions).

• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed. J. Clean.

  Leo Lemay (NY: Library describe America, 1987). ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes package p. 1559 are source for dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Memories of Benjamin Franklin at Benchmark Ebooks
• Description from EarlyAmerica.com
• Spark Notes
• Text eradicate the Autobiography from EarlyAmerica.com
• The Journals of Benjamin Franklin public lands audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Autobiography fence Benjamin Franklin at Project Pressman, [EBook #148], Editor: Eliot River William, Release Date: May 22, 2008, [Last updated: November 10, 2011]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin kismet Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: House.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. Vulnerable. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie de Scientist, écrite par lui-même – Volume I at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #18455]
• Vie de Benjamin Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #22016]