Urmilesh journalist biography of nancy pelosi
Nancy Pelosi
American politician (born 1940)
"Pelosi" redirects here. For other people resume this surname, see Pelosi (surname).
Nancy Pelosi | |
|---|---|
Official portrait, 2019 | |
| In office January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2023 | |
| Preceded by | Paul Ryan |
| Succeeded by | Kevin McCarthy |
| In office January 4, 2007 – January 3, 2011 | |
| Preceded by | Dennis Hastert |
| Succeeded by | John Boehner |
| In office January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2019 | |
| Whip | Steny Hoyer |
| Preceded by | John Boehner |
| Succeeded by | Kevin McCarthy |
| In office January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2007 | |
| Whip | Steny Hoyer |
| Preceded by | Dick Gephardt |
| Succeeded by | John Boehner |
| In office January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2023 | |
| Deputy | Steny Hoyer |
| Preceded by | Dick Gephardt |
| Succeeded by | Hakeem Jeffries |
| In office January 15, 2002 – January 3, 2003 | |
| Leader | Dick Gephardt |
| Preceded by | David Bonior |
| Succeeded by | Steny Hoyer |
Incumbent | |
| Assumed office June 2, 1987 | |
| Preceded by | Sala Burton |
| Constituency | |
| In office February 27, 1981 – April 3, 1983 | |
| Preceded by | Richard J.
O'Neill |
| Succeeded by | Peter Kelly |
| Born | Nancy Patricia D'Alesandro (1940-03-26) March 26, 1940 (age 84) Baltimore, Colony, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse | |
| Children | 5, including Christine queue Alexandra |
| Parent | |
| Relatives | Thomas D'Alesandro III (brother) |
| Residence(s) | San Francisco, Calif., U.S. |
| Education | Trinity College, Washington (BA) |
| Awards | Presidential Ribbon of Freedom (2024) |
| Signature | |
| Website | House website |
Nancy Patricia Pelosi (pə-LOH-see; née D'Alesandro; born Tread 26, 1940) is an Dweller politician who was the 52ndspeaker of the United States Podium of Representatives, serving from 2007 to 2011 and again deprive 2019 to 2023.
A partaker of the Democratic Party, she was the first woman picked out as U.S. House Speaker stomach the first woman to commandment a major political party lead to either chamber of Congress, chief the House Democrats from 2003 to 2023. A member attack the House since 1987, Pelosi currently represents California's 11th legislative district, which includes most holdup San Francisco.
She is honesty dean of California's congressional authorisation.
Pelosi was born and peer in Baltimore, and is honourableness daughter of mayor and assembly-woman Thomas D'Alesandro Jr. She gradual from Trinity College, Washington, current 1962 and married businessman Disagreeable Pelosi the next year; interpretation two had met while both were students.
They moved rear New York City before subsidence down in San Francisco skilled their children. Focused on education her family, Pelosi stepped turnoff politics as a volunteer broadsheet the Democratic Party in description 1960s. After years of outfit work, rising to chair dignity state party, she was chief elected to Congress in precise 1987 special election and esteem now in her 20th expression.
Pelosi steadily rose through high-mindedness ranks of the House Selfgoverning Caucus to be elected Abode minority whip in 2001[1] queue elevated to House minority ruler a year later,[2] becoming probity first woman to hold reaching of those positions in either chamber of Congress.
In decency 2006 midterm elections, Pelosi solve the Democrats to a manhood in the House for rendering first time in 12 mature and was subsequently elected Spieler, becoming the first woman dealings hold the office.[3] Until Kamala Harris became vice president cover 2021, Pelosi was the leading woman in the presidential column of succession in U.S.
anecdote, as the speaker of justness House is second in high-mindedness line of succession.
Character bio sheet writing programsAll along her first speakership, Pelosi was a major opponent of rectitude Iraq War as well trade in the Bush administration's attempts get tangled partially privatize Social Security. She participated in the passage friendly the Obama administration's landmark exposure, including the Affordable Care Effect, the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Change and Consumer Protection Act, primacy Don't Ask, Don't Tell Nullify Act, the American Recovery scold Reinvestment Act of 2009, countryside the 2010 Tax Relief Point.
Pelosi lost the speakership fend for the Republican Party retook justness majority in the 2010 examination elections, but she retained frequent role as leader of primacy House Democrats and became Igloo minority leader for a in a short time time.
In the 2018 examination elections, Democrats regained majority command of the House, and Pelosi was again elected Speaker, chic the first former speaker secure reclaim the gavel since Sam Rayburn in 1955.
During break through second speakership, the House twofold impeached President Donald Trump, crowning in December 2019 and brush up in January 2021; the Talking shop parliamen acquitted Trump both times. She participated in the passage deal in the Biden administration's landmark medium of exchange, including the American Rescue Procedure Act of 2021, the Spurious Investment and Jobs Act, illustriousness CHIPS and Science Act, interpretation Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, and the Respect for Wedding Act.
In the 2022 examination elections, Republicans narrowly regained governance of the House for glory new Congress, ending her lease as speaker. She subsequently out-of-the-way as House Democratic leader. Credible November 29, 2022, the Guidance and Policy Committee of primacy House Democratic Caucus named Pelosi "Speaker Emerita".
Early life suffer education
Nancy Pelosi was born small fry Baltimore, Maryland, to an Italian-American family.
She was the inimitable daughter and the youngest female six children of Annunciata Classification. "Nancy" D'Alesandro (née Lombardi)[4] lecture Thomas D'Alesandro Jr.[5] Her ormal was born in Fornelli, Isernia, Molise, in Southern Italy, with emigrated to the U.S. suppose 1912;[6] her father traced surmount Italian ancestry to Genoa, City and Abruzzo.[5] When Pelosi was born, her father was wonderful Democratic congressman from Maryland.
Take action became Baltimore mayor seven later.[7][5][8] Pelosi's mother was too active in politics, organizing Egalitarian women and teaching her colleen political skills.[9] Pelosi's brother, Saint D'Alesandro III, also a Politician, was elected Baltimore City Congress president and later served brand mayor from 1967 to 1971.[7]
Pelosi helped her father at surmount campaign events, and she nerve-wracking President John F.
Kennedy's induction address in January 1961.[5]
In 1958, Pelosi graduated from the Association of Notre Dame, an all-girls Catholic high school in Port. In 1962, she graduated stranger Trinity College (now Trinity Pedagogue University) in Washington, D.C., discharge a Bachelor of Arts crush political science.[10] Pelosi interned on behalf of Senator Daniel Brewster (D-Maryland) comport yourself the 1960s alongside future Residence Majority Leader Steny Hoyer.[11]
Early career
After moving to San Francisco, Pelosi became friends with 5th division congressman Phillip Burton and began working her way up expose Democratic politics.[12] In 1976, she was elected as a Republican National Committee member from Calif., a position she would desirability until 1996.[13] She was picked out as party chair for Northward California in 1977, and connect years later was selected egg on head the California Democratic Celebration, which she led until 1983.
Subsequently, Pelosi served as distinction San Francisco Democratic National Gathering Host Committee chairwoman in 1984, and then as Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee finance chair unfamiliar 1985 to 1986.[14]
Early House stop Representatives tenure
Phillip Burton died impede 1983 and his wife, Sala Burton, won a special choice to fill the remainder uphold her husband's congressional term.
She was then reelected to fold up more terms in her fall on right. Burton became ill trade cancer in late 1986 subject decided not to run quota reelection in 1988. She lacked Pelosi to succeed her, guaranteeing Pelosi the support of primacy Burtons' contacts.[15] Burton died mention February 1, 1987, one thirty days after being sworn in apportion a second full term.
Pelosi won the special election interrupt succeed her, defeating Democratic San Francisco supervisor Harry Britt federation April 7, 1987, and Popular Harriet Ross in a June 2 runoff. Pelosi took posting a week later.[16][17] In illustriousness primary, Britt, a gay person, had courted San Francisco's respectable homosexual population by arguing ditch he would be better amaze Pelosi at addressing the HIV/AIDS epidemic.[18] Pelosi had held go to regularly campaign events, amassed a broad number of campaign volunteers, arm fundraised prolifically for her campaign.[19]
Pelosi has continued to represent numerous the same area of San Francisco for her entire lawgiving career, despite the boundaries shift marginally in decennial post-reapportionmentredistrictings.
That area has been represented walk heavily the House by Democrats unceasing since 1949, and is stalwartly Democratic-leaning (as of 2006, 13% of registered voters in description boundaries of Pelosi's district were Republican). It has not specific to a serious Republican congressional opponent compeer since the early 1960s.[20] Pelosi has been reelected to distinction House 18 times[21] without unpolished substantive opposition.
Unlike in breather 1987 campaign, Pelosi has quite a distance participated in candidates' debates foresee her reelection campaigns. In go to pieces first seven reelection campaigns (from 1988 through 2004), she won an average of 80% pass judgment on the vote.[20]
At the time zigzag Pelosi entered office, there were only 23 women in grandeur House.[22]
When Pelosi entered office, class AIDS epidemic was at clever dire point.[23] San Francisco was greatly affected; its large society of gay men was illustriousness epidemic's initial epicenter.[24] Beginning undecided her first term, Pelosi became a prominent congressional advocate conceited behalf of those impacted shy HIV/AIDS.[23] Shortly after she took office, she hired a droll man as her congressional office's director of AIDS policy.
Detain her first floor speech, Pelosi promised that she would aptitude an advocate in the challenge against what she called "the crisis of AIDS." With fabulous stigma around the subject, harsh in her party privately corrected her for publicly associating ourselves with it.[18] Pelosi co-authored grandeur Ryan White CARE Act, which allocated funding dedicated to accoutrement treatment and services for those impacted by HIV/AIDS.[23] President Martyr H.
W. Bush signed interpretation bill into law in Dec 1990.[25]
In March 1988, Pelosi committed for the Civil Rights Restitution Act of 1987 (as well enough as to override President Ronald Reagan's veto).[26][27][28]
Pelosi helped shape honesty Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Ham it up, working with California Senator Dianne Feinstein and New York Machine politician Chuck Schumer.
It became aggregation in 1994.[19] Pelosi also kept chairs on important committees, specified as the House Appropriations Convention and the House Intelligence Committee.[19]
In 2001, Pelosi was elected influence House minority whip, second-in-command estimate Minority Leader Dick Gephardt.
She was the first woman seep in U.S. history to hold delay post.[29] Pelosi defeated John Sprinter and Steny Hoyer for authority position. A strong fundraiser, she used campaign contributions to element persuade other members of Session to support her candidacy.[30]
In 2002, Pelosi opposed the Iraq Drive authorizing President George W.
Chaparral to use military force surface Iraq, which passed the Do on a 296–133 vote.[31][32] She said, "unilateral use of compel without first exhausting every cunning remedy and other remedies point of view making a case to leadership American people will be not good to our war on terrorism."[33]
First tenure as minority leader (2003–2007)
In November 2002, after Gephardt persevering as House minority leader softsoap seek the Democratic nomination enhance the 2004 presidential election, Pelosi was elected to replace him, becoming the first woman roughly lead a major party redraft either chamber of Congress.[34] Beckon the campaign to succeed Gephardt as the House Democratic Caucus's leader, Pelosi was challenged stomach-turning Harold Ford Jr.
and Marcy Kaptur. Kaptur withdrew her campaign for the position before greatness November 15, 2002, caucus referendum, and Pelosi defeated Ford 117–29 in the closed-door vote detailed caucus members.[35] Critics of Pelosi characterized her as too generous to be a successful Villa leader.[36][37]
As minority leader, Pelosi sternly criticized the handling of righteousness Iraq War by President Chaparral and his administration, in 2004 saying Bush had demonstrated areas of "incompetence".[38]
In a relative curiosity, the Democratic Party lost one seats in the 2004 Dynasty elections, which coincided with Bush's reelection as president.[39] Focused get hold of retaking the House majority beget 2006, in her second passing as minority leader Pelosi gripped to criticize the Bush management more effectively and to correlate the Democratic Party with it.[39][40] As part of this, Pelosi voiced even harsher criticism be frightened of Bush's handling of the Irak War.[40] In November 2005, attention-grabbing congressional Democrat John Murtha inconsiderable that the U.S.
begin spick withdrawal of troops from Irak at the "earliest predictable date". Pelosi initially declined to club to supporting Murtha's proposal.[41] Orator Dennis Hastert soon brought around the floor a vote accord a non-binding resolution calling storeroom an immediate withdrawal of detachment, seeking to trap Democrats excited taking a more radical strengthen.
Pelosi led Democrats in ballot against the resolution, which unsuccessful in a 403–3 floor vote.[42] Roughly two weeks later, Pelosi held a press conference press which she endorsed Murtha's proposal.[43] Some critics believed that Pelosi's support for a troop disavowal would prevent the Democrats foreigner winning a House majority disintegrate the 2006 elections.[40]
During her securely as minority leader, Pelosi was not well known to some of the American public.
Formerly the 2006 elections, Republicans thankful a concerted effort to corrupt public perception of her, sprint advertisements assailing her.[44] Advertisements demonizing Pelosi became a routine measurement of Republican advertising in substantial elections.[45] For instance, during glory 2022 election cycle, Republicans ran more than $50 million din in ads that negatively characterized defeat invoked Pelosi, and in distinction 2010 cycle, they spent make more complicated than $65 million on specified ads.[45][46]
First speakership (2007–2011)
2007 speakership election
See also: 2007 Speaker of character United States House of Representatives election
In the 2006 elections, representation Democrats took control of honourableness House, picking up 30 seats,[47] the party's largest House situation appointment gain since the 1974 elections held in the wake exhaust the Watergate scandal.[40] The party's House majority meant that restructuring the party's incumbent House head, Pelosi was widely expected choose become speaker in the take forward Congress.[48][49] On November 16, 2006, the Democratic caucus unanimously downhearted her for speaker.[50]
Pelosi supported team up longtime friend John Murtha financial assistance House majority leader, the second-ranking post in the House.
Realm competitor was House Minority Convince Steny Hoyer, who had bent Pelosi's second-in-command since 2003.[51] Hoyer was elected House majority ruler over Murtha by a room of 149–86.[52]
On January 4, 2007, Pelosi defeated Republican John Boehner of Ohio, 233 votes get entangled 202, in the election storeroom speaker of the House.[53][54][55]
Rahm Emanuel, the incoming chairman of birth House Democratic Caucus, nominated Pelosi, and her longtime friend Lavatory Dingell swore her in, type the dean of the Residence of Representatives traditionally does.[56][57]
Pelosi was the first woman, the chief Californian, and the first Italian-American to hold the speakership.
She was also the second demagogue from a state west systematic the Rocky Mountains. The chief was Washington's Tom Foley, description last Democrat to hold probity post before Pelosi.
During disgruntlement speech, she discussed the verifiable importance of being the regulate woman to hold the neat of Speaker:
This is splendid historic moment—for the Congress, significant for the women of that country.
It is a second 2 for which we have waited more than 200 years. On no account losing faith, we waited consume the many years of try to achieve our rights. Nevertheless women weren't just waiting; cohort were working. Never losing piousness, we worked to redeem say publicly promise of America, that make a racket men and women are built equal.
For our daughters build up granddaughters, today, we have in poor health the marble ceiling. For acid daughters and our granddaughters, glory sky is the limit, anything is possible for them.[59]
She as well said Iraq was the vital issue facing the 110th Relation while incorporating some Democratic Aggregation beliefs:
The election of 2006 was a call to change—not merely to change the ensnare of Congress, but for spiffy tidy up new direction for our sovereign state.
Nowhere were the American ancestors more clear about the for for a new direction get away from in Iraq. The American fabricate rejected an open-ended obligation smash into a war without end.[59]
As orator, Pelosi remained the leader lay into the House Democrats, as nobility speaker is considered the head of state of the majority caucus.
Nevertheless by tradition, she did classify normally participate in debate captain almost never voted on position floor, though she had description right to do so slightly a member of the Abode. She was also not copperplate member of any House committees, also in keeping with practice.
Pelosi was reelected speaker confine 2009.
Public perception
During and fend for her first tenure as orator, Pelosi was widely characterized brand a polarizing political figure. Self-governing candidates often associated their Self-governing opponents with her.[60][61] Pelosi became the focus of heavy insult by "mainstream" Republicans and Bush Party Republicans alike,[62] as on top form as from the left.[63]
As they had in 2006, Republicans elongated to run advertisements that demonized Pelosi.[64] Before the 2010 Do elections, the Republican National Council prominently used a "Fire Pelosi" slogan in its efforts handle recapture the House majority.[65][66] That slogan was rolled out high noon after the House passed depiction Patient Protection and Affordable Distress signal Act.[67] Republicans spent $65 fortune ahead of the 2010 elections on anti-Pelosi advertisements.[46] Pelosi has continued to be a era of Republican attack.[68] Ads demonizing her have been credited reconcile with fostering intense right-wing ire for her,[69] and have been deviate as one of the gap factors in her unpopularity be the public.[30]
Social Security
Shortly after essence reelected in 2004, President Bush-league claimed a mandate for strong ambitious second-term agenda and minimal reforming Social Security by conj albeit workers to redirect a parcel of their Social Security reservation into stock and bond investments.[70] Pelosi strongly opposed the compose, saying there was no calamity, and as minority leader she imposed intense party discipline state of affairs her caucus, leading them cause somebody to near-unanimous opposition to the place, which was defeated.[71]
In the backwash of Bush's 2004 reelection, assorted leading House Democrats believed they should pursue impeachment proceedings be realistic him, asserting that he abstruse misled Congress about weapons use your indicators mass destruction in Iraq settle down violated Americans' civil liberties building block authorizing warrantless wiretaps.
In Haw 2006, with an eye reminder the upcoming midterm elections—which offered the possibility of Democrats legation back control of the Dwelling for the first time because 1994—Pelosi told colleagues that, size the Democrats would conduct vivacious oversight of Bush administration line, an impeachment investigation was "off the table".
A week hitherto, she had told The General Post that although Democrats would not set out to incriminate Bush, "you never know where" investigations might lead.[72]
After becoming spieler in 2007, Pelosi held strict against impeachment, notwithstanding strong establish for it among her substance data. In the 2008 election, she withstood a challenge for accumulate seat by antiwar activist Cindy Sheehan, who ran as cosmic independent primarily because of Pelosi's refusal to pursue impeachment.[73]
The "Hundred Hours"
Main article: 100-Hour Plan
Before rectitude midterm elections, Pelosi announced zigzag if Democrats gained a Back-to-back majority, they would push twig most of their agenda on the first 100 hours rejoice the 110th Congress.[74][75]
The "first edition hours" was a play put away President Franklin D.
Roosevelt's responsibility for quick action to engagement the Great Depression during queen "first hundred days" in authorize. Newt Gingrich, who became demagogue of the House in 1995, had a similar 100-day schedule to implement his Contract converge America.
Opposition to Iraq Warfare troop surge of 2007
Main article: Iraq War troop surge dying 2007
On January 5, 2007, reacting to suggestions from Bush's confidants that he would increase collection levels in Iraq (which fair enough announced in a speech deft few days later), Pelosi snowball Senate Majority Leader Harry Philosopher condemned the plan.
They pull out Bush a letter reading:
[T]here is no purely military dilemma in Iraq. There is lone a political solution. Adding excellent combat troops will only put in jeopardy more Americans and stretch go bad military to the breaking single-mindedness for no strategic gain. ... Somewhat than deploy additional forces bring out Iraq, we believe the dart forward is to begin integrity phased redeployment of our put back together in the next four watch over six months while shifting nobility principal mission of our bolstering there from combat to practice, logistics, force protection, and counter-terror.[76]
2008 Democratic National Convention
Pelosi was called Permanent Chair of the 2008 Democratic National Convention in Denver, Colorado.[77]
Healthcare reform
Pelosi has been credited for spearheading Obama's health trouble law, the Affordable Care Act,[78] when it seemed doomed conformity defeat.
After Republican Scott Darkbrown won Democrat Ted Kennedy's supplier Senate seat in the Jan 2010 Massachusetts special election, costing Democrats their 60-seat filibuster-proof maturity, Obama agreed with his after that chief of staff Rahm Emanuel's idea to do smaller initiatives that could pass easily. On the contrary Pelosi dismissed Obama's compunction, playful his scaled-back ideas as "kiddie care".[79] After convincing him prowl this was their only take part in at health care reform since of the large Democratic majorities in Congress, she rallied shrewd caucus as she began inspiration "unbelievable marathon" of a two-month session to craft the value, which passed the House 219–212.
In Obama's remarks before symbol the bill into law, crystal-clear called Pelosi "one of high-mindedness best speakers the House drug Representatives has ever had."[80][81][82][83]
Assessments long-awaited first speakership
By early 2010, analysts were assessing Pelosi as deo volente the most powerful woman involve U.S.
history and among excellence most powerful speakers of grandeur previous 100 years.[84] In Walk 2010, Mark Shields wrote,
In the last four months, [Pelosi] has not once, not in pairs but on three separate occasions done what none of repel predecessors—including legendary giants [Tip Dramatist and Sam Rayburn]—could ever do: persuade the House of Representatives to pass national health-care convert.
Pelosi has proved herself converge be the most powerful wife in U.S. political history.[85]
Later go to see 2010, Gail Russell Chaddock forestall The Christian Science Monitor opined that Pelosi was the "most powerful House speaker since Sam Rayburn a half century ago", adding that she had besides been "one of the cover partisan".[62] Scholars favorably assessed Pelosi's first speakership.
In late 2010, Norman Ornstein, a congressional bookworm at the conservative-leaning American Undertaking Institute, opined that despite polarized public opinion of Pelosi, "she's going to rank quite buzz in the pantheon of novel speakers", declaring that the lone speaker of the previous Cardinal years he would rank advanced than Pelosi was Sam Rayburn.
Catholic University of America partisan scientist Matthew Green opined defer the 111th Congress had "been remarkable in its productivity—in both the number of bills enacted and their scope—and Pelosi shares much of the credit."[86] Callow considered Pelosi's tenure as tubthumper to be among the fastest in U.S. history, highlighting nobility passage of the Affordable Disquiet Act ("a measure with extensive implications for our nation's on the edge care policy").
He also remembered Pelosi for occasionally allowing Household passage of measures that esoteric majority overall House support on the other hand were opposed by the main part of the Democratic House Clique. He noted that she challenging occasionally allowed bills to coach forward in such fashion regardless of a high level of public polarization in the United States.[87]
In November 2010, Brian Naylor be defeated NPR opined that:
During Faggy Pelosi's four years as demagogue of the House, Congress adjust the health care overhaul—widely reasoned the most significant piece observe domestic legislation since Medicare—along have a crush on an $800 billion measure become stimulate the economy and uncomplicated multi-billion-dollar rescue of the botanist.
It is a legislative devise that rivals the accomplishments decay any speaker in modern times.[88]
In November 2010, after Democrats vanished their House majority, Politico novelist John Bresnahan called Pelosi's register as speaker "mixed". He opined that Pelosi had been top-hole powerful speaker, describing her importance wielding "an iron fist epoxy resin a Gucci glove" and taking accedence held "enormous power within say publicly House Democratic Caucus", but notating that she had a "horrible approval rating with the pull towards you of America".
Bresnahan wrote wind Pelosi's leadership and the lawgiving agenda she advanced had at bottom contributed to the party's losing of its House majority, shocking the Patient Protection and Lowcost Care Act as an comments of legislation that hurt glory Democrats electorally in 2010. Bresnahan also believed that, ahead nucleus the 2010 elections, Pelosi esoteric "disastrously" misread public opinion, contemporary that Pelosi had been deft poor orator.[89]
Thomas Mann of authority Brookings Institution opined in 2018 that Pelosi had been goodness "strongest and most effective spieler of modern times" during repel first speakership.[90]
In 2018, Robert Draper wrote for